GPTBot is one of the bots OpenAI describes in its overview of OpenAI crawlers. OpenAI uses GPTBot to make its generative AI foundation models more useful and safer: the bot fetches content that may be used for training. GPTBot follows robots.txt, and its token there is GPTBot.
How do you recognise GPTBot?
Your server logs show a user agent like this one (the version number may change):
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; GPTBot/1.4; +https://openai.com/gptbotOpenAI also publishes a list of IP addresses for each bot, so you can check whether a request really comes from OpenAI.
Example
User-agent: GPTBot
Disallow: /Common mistake
Thinking that blocking GPTBot removes you from ChatGPT, or that allowing it makes you visible in ChatGPT. For search in ChatGPT, OpenAI uses a different bot: OAI-SearchBot. OpenAI writes that each setting is independent of the others. You can refuse GPTBot and allow OAI-SearchBot.
More in Allowing or blocking AI crawlers with robots.txt and under AI crawler.